The Advocate

PS201 Current Events Blog
Saturday Sep 08, 2007

Factions in American Politics

Oprah's support of Obama- CNN

    In class we have been discussing the issue of factions, groups that advocate for certain rights and privileges that selfishly regard only that group and may conflict with the rights and privileges of other groups.  In federalist #10, James Madison talks about the threat that factions pose to the America and how the constitution he aims at getting ratified will help to alleviate the problem.  Madison suggests that a large republic, with so many competing interests, will prevent just one or two factions from dominating the political arena, whereas a smaller, state-level sudo-democracy would leave open the possibility of certain groups coming to power despite their abuses of power.  Since Madison saw factions as inseparable to human nature, he concluded that dealing with them, not eradicating them, was the answer and that his vast republic would do so. 

    The article I have come across recently (link at top) addresses the issue of interest groups, which is pretty much the modern day equivalent to factions.  This specific article discusses the role that Oprah Winfrey will play in the election process as she throws her support behind Barack Obama and holds a fundraiser to help him with his campaign.  She and her semi-religious following, in modern day terms, constitutes a faction that is attempting to further their own interests.  The question is how correct was Madison with his assertions?

    Personally, I find him to be undeniably correct in most of his opinions regarding factions.  Firstly, his assertion that factions cannot be eliminated has held true, seeing as how over two centuries of American history they still exist and exist to an even greater extent than they did before.  Secondly, I believe that the republic has been successful in keeping corrupt factions from taking over the entirety of the government.  Although I believe the true power in the United States is held in the hands of an elite few, I don't think that factions themselves have come to assume all the power, as demonstrated from this article.  Oprah, just like the NRA or the AARP, has some power and a following, but does not have the overwhelming ability to sway the election.  Likewise, she does indeed have power to persuade thousands of opinions, and thus has not been eliminated by some larger, dominating faction.  So overall, I think Madison's statements have held true. 

    The opposing opinion to this, however, is to say that the elite that makes up every single presidential candidate we have or have ever had is a faction in itself.  Even though these individuals are different in their political agenda's, the fact that they are wealthy elites technically means they are part of a faction, one that Madison specifically mentioned as a dangerous one.  To me this falls somewhere in a gray area.  Although they are part of the same faction, I think that faction is so vague and all encompassing that they don't really work together to achieve similar goals, and thus do not pose a threat to the fair election process.  I do, however, recognize it as a valid argument.

    Questions to consider:

    Was Madison correct about the creation of factions being central to human nature, or do you think they are more a product of their society?

    Was Madison correct in assuming a large republic would create enough competing interests as to eliminate the threat of faction oppression?

    Would something like race, gender, or age constitute a faction?  If you believe so, where does faction classification stop?


    Feel free to answer any or all of the above

    -Vince


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